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Medicine Topic Area Definitions
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- Chemically Induced - Used for diseases, syndromes, congenital (birth) abnormalities or symptoms caused by chemical compounds in man or animals
- Complications - Used with diseases to indicate conditions that co-exist or follow, i.e., co-existing diseases, complications, or in sequence
- Diagnosis - Used with diseases for all aspects of diagnosis, including examination, differential diagnosis, and probable outcome
- Drug Therapy - Used for the treatment of disease by the administration of drugs, chemicals, and antibiotics
- Epidemiology - Used with human and veterinary diseases for the distribution of disease, factors which cause disease, and the attributes of disease in defined populations; includes incidence, frequency, prevalence, endemic and epidemic outbreaks; also surveys and estimates of morbidity in geographical areas and in specified populations
- Etiology - Used with diseases for causative agents including microorganisms and includes environmental and social factors and personal habits as contributing factors; includes pathogenesis (origination and development of a disease)
- Prevention and Control - Used with diseases for increasing human or animal resistance against disease (e.g., immunization), for control of transmission agents, for prevention and control of environmental hazards, or for prevention and control of social factors leading to disease; includes preventive measures in individual cases
- Surgery - Used for operative procedures on organs, regions, or tissues in the treatment of diseases, including tissue section by lasers; also with organs, tissues, or cells for transplantation from one site to another within the same subject, or from one subject to another of the same species or different species
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- Administration and Dosage - Used with drugs for dosage forms, routes of administration, frequency and duration of administration, quantity of medication, and the effects of these factors
- Adverse Effects - Includes Adverse Reactions, Contraindications, Poisoning, and Toxicity
- Adverse Reactions - Used with drugs, chemicals or biological agents in accepted dosage - or with physical agents or manufactured products in normal usage - when intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic (preserving health), or anesthetic purposes
- Contraindications - Used with drugs, chemicals, and biological or physical agents in any disease or physical state that might render their use improper, undesirable, or inadvisable
- Diagnostic Use - Used with chemical compounds, drugs, and physical agents when these substances are used for studies of clinical function of an organ, or for the diagnosis of human or animal diseases
- Drug Interactions - Action of one drug on the metabolism, effect, or toxicity of another
- Metabolism - Used with drugs and chemicals for catabolic (breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones) changes
- Pharmacokinetics - Used for the mechanism, dynamics, and kinetics of exogenous (developed or originating outside the organism) chemical and drug absorption, biotransformation, distribution, release, transport, uptake, and elimination as a function of dosage, extent, and rate of metabolic processes
- Pharmacology - Used with drugs and exogenously (developed or originating outside the organism) administered chemical substances for their effects on living tissues and organisms; includes acceleration and inhibition of physiological and biochemical processes and other pharmacologic mechanisms of action
- Poisoning - Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure
- Therapeutic Use - Used with drugs, biological preparations, and physical agents for their use in the prevention and treatment of disease; includes veterinary use
- Toxicity - Used with drugs and chemicals for experimental human and animal studies of their ill effects; includes studies to determine the margin of safety or the reactions accompanying administration at various dose levels; also used for experimental studies of exposure to environmental agents
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Disease-Related Topic Areas